Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health coverage, emphasises the importance of tackling ongoing myths and misconceptions about HIV/AIDS, particularly with World AIDS Day being held on 1 December.

“It is essential to challenge the ongoing myths and misconceptions surrounding HIV/AIDS,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health.

“According to the World Health Organization, HIV remains a major global public health issue, having claimed an estimated 42.3 million lives to date. By 2025, 95% of all people living with HIV should have a diagnosis, 95% of whom should be taking lifesaving antiretroviral treatment.”

“Despite advancements in research and treatment, misinformation continues to stigmatise individuals living with HIV and hamper efforts to reduce its spread.”

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks the body’s immune system, specifically targeting CD4 cells (T cells). If left untreated, HIV can progress to AIDS(Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), the final and most severe stage of the infection. However, with the proper treatment, individuals living with HIV can lead long, healthy lives without ever developing AIDS.

Debunking Common Myths About HIV/AIDS

Myth #1: HIV is a Death Sentence

One of the most persistent misconceptions is that an HIV diagnosis is a death sentence. This belief stems from the early years of the epidemic when treatment options were limited. However, with the development of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV is now considered a manageable chronic condition.

According to the CDC, people living with HIV who adhere to ART can maintain an undetectable viral load, which not only keeps them healthy but also prevents transmission to others. This concept is known as “U=U” (Undetectable = Untransmittable), a critical breakthrough in reducing the stigma associated with HIV, namely: Proper treatment enables individuals with HIV to live nearly as long as those without the virus. Early diagnosis and adherence to ART are key to achieving this.

Myth #2: HIV Can Spread Through Casual Contact

Fear and misinformation have led to the false belief that HIV can be transmitted through casual contact, such as sharing utensils, hugging, or using the same toilet as an infected person. These misconceptions are not only scientifically inaccurate but also contribute to the stigma against individuals living with HIV.

The CDC confirms that HIV is not transmitted through saliva, tears, sweat, or casual physical interactions. HIV is primarily spread through unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles, and from mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding if the mother is not on effective ART.

Myth #3: Only Certain Groups are at Risk of HIV

Another damaging myth is that HIV only affects specific populations, such as men who have sex with men (MSM), sex workers, or intravenous drug users. This stereotype can lead to complacency and prevent individuals outside these groups from recognising their risk.

In reality, anyone who engages in unprotected sex, shares needles, or is exposed to HIV-positive blood is at risk, regardless of their gender, sexual orientation, or lifestyle.

Myth #4: HIV-Positive Mothers Cannot Have Healthy Children

In the past, it was believed that HIV-positive women would inevitably transmit the virus to their children during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. However, with advances in ART and proper medical care, the risk of transmission has been drastically reduced.

According to UNAIDS, HIV-positive mothers who adhere to their ART regimen and receive proper medical care have a less than 1% chance of transmitting the virus to their babies.

The Importance of Education and Awareness

One of the biggest challenges in fighting the HIV/AIDS epidemic is the stigma fuelled by misinformation. Stigmatising beliefs can lead to discrimination, social isolation, and even self-denial of necessary treatment among those living with HIV.

Progress in Treatment and Prevention

Recent progress in HIV/AIDS treatment and prevention has been significant. Antiretroviral therapy is the key treatment, helping people to keep their viral load so low that it becomes undetectable, making sexual transmission of the virus impossible.

For prevention, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) entails taking a daily pill for those at higher risk, while post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) entails using an emergency medication taken within 72 hours of possible exposure to prevent infection.

“As we commemorate World AIDS Day 2024, let us remember that education is the key to ending the stigma around HIV/AIDS. By debunking myths and embracing the facts, we can create a supportive environment for individuals living with HIV and reduce the fear and prejudice that still exist. Together, we can foster a future where misinformation is replaced by understanding, and stigma is met with compassion.”

About Affinity Health

Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health coverage provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.