Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health coverage, explores why sunglasses protect your eyes.

As more people become aware of UV rays’ risks to skin, it’s equally important to understand how they affect eye health.

“The World Health Organization warns that exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause serious eye problems over time, potentially leading to vision loss or even blindness,” says Murray Hewlett, CEO of Affinity Health.

“Eye protection is essential all year round!”

Understanding UV Radiation and its Types

UV radiation is a form of solar energy consisting of three types: UVA, UVB, and UVC.

While UVC rays are absorbed mainly by the Earth’s atmosphere, UVA and UVB rays reach the surface and are responsible for various health issues, including those affecting eye health. Here’s a breakdown of these types:

• UVA Rays: These rays penetrate deep into the skin and eyes, contributing to ageing and long-term damage. They can also damage the eye’s central vision by affecting the macula, part of the retina.
• UVB Rays: These rays are more intense and can cause more immediate damage to the eyes and skin. UVB rays are typically linked to sunburn but can also damage the cornea and lens of the eye, leading to conditions such as cataracts.
• UVC Rays: Although they’re the most dangerous type of UV radiation, UVC rays are primarily absorbed by the Earth’s ozone layer and do not typically threaten our eyes.

How UV Rays Affect Your Eyes: Common Eye Conditions Linked to UV Exposure

Unprotected exposure to UV radiation can contribute to several severe eye conditions.

Photokeratitis

Often referred to as “sunburn of the eye,” photokeratitis is a painful condition resulting from excessive exposure to UVB rays. It can cause symptoms including redness, irritation, and a gritty feeling in the eyes similar to sand. Photokeratitis is temporary but can be very uncomfortable, and repeated incidents can increase the risk of permanent damage.

Cataracts

Cataracts are cloudings of the eye’s natural lens that can obstruct vision and, if untreated, eventually lead to blindness. UVB radiation is one of the leading risk factors for cataract development. Wearing UV-protective sunglasses can significantly lower this risk.

Macular Degeneration

Macular degeneration is the leading cause of vision loss in older adults and results from the breakdown of the macula, the part of the retina responsible for central vision.

Pterygium (Surfer’s Eye)

Pterygium is a growth of tissue on the eye’s surface that can become red and inflamed. This condition is more common in those exposed to significant amounts of UV rays, especially people who spend a lot of time outdoors in bright conditions.

Cancer of the Eyelids and Surrounding Skin

UV exposure affects the eyes and can increase the risk of skin cancer around them, including on the eyelids. The delicate skin on the eyelids is susceptible to UV damage, and wearing sunglasses helps to shield this vulnerable area.

Why Sunglasses are Essential for Eye Protection

Sunglasses are more than just a fashion accessory; they protect your eye health from harmful UV radiation. Here’s why:

Full Coverage Protection

Sunglasses protect your eyes and the skin around them. Choose wrap-around styles that block rays from all angles for the best coverage.

UV 400 Protection

Not all sunglasses are created equal. It’s crucial to look for sunglasses labelled with “UV 400”, which blocks 100% UVA and UVB rays. Many people mistakenly believe that darker lenses provide better protection, but the UV-blocking capability is what matters.

Reducing Eye Strain

Spending too much time in bright sunlight constricts your pupils, which can cause eye strain and headaches. Wearing sunglasses reduces glare, improves comfort, and helps you see more clearly in bright conditions.

Prevention of Long-Term Damage

Investing in sunglasses is smart for protecting your eye health over time. Reducing UV exposure helps decrease the risk of age-related issues such as cataracts and macular degeneration.

Myths about Sunglasses and UV Protection

With so many sunglasses available, several myths circulate regarding UV protection and eye health. Here are a few to keep in mind:

Darker Lenses Mean Better Protection

This is false. Lens colour has no bearing on UV protection. Instead, focus on UV-protection labels rather than lens colour.

You Only Need Sunglasses on Sunny Days

UV rays can penetrate clouds, so sunglasses are essential, even on overcast days.

All Sunglasses Offer UV Protection

Many inexpensive sunglasses may lack proper UV protection. Always check labels to ensure they block 100% of UV rays.

Final Thoughts

Protecting your eyes from UV rays is crucial. Wearing quality sunglasses lowers the risk of serious eye issues, letting you enjoy the outdoors safely. With good UV protection, you can keep your vision clear and comfortable while preventing long-term harm.

About Affinity Health

Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health coverage provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.