Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, shares important insights on the early signs of MS in children and what parents should look for.

Multiple sclerosis is widely known as a condition affecting adults, but it can also occur in children and teens—a condition known as paediatric-onset MS (POMS). While rare, paediatric MS can significantly impact a child’s life if not diagnosed and treated early.

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple sclerosis is a long-term illness where the immune system attacks the protective covering around nerves in the brain and spine. This makes it harder for the brain to send messages to the rest of the body, causing different symptoms that can worsen or worsen over time.

While MS is typically diagnosed between ages 20 and 40, it can affect children—sometimes as young as under 10 years old. According to the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, between 2% and 5% of all MS cases begin in childhood, with other studies suggesting the figure could be as high as 10%.

How Paediatric MS Differs from Adult MS

MS in children often presents with more frequent relapses than in adults, though children may recover more quickly from each episode. However, long-term impacts on memory, attention, and learning can be more significant because their brains are still developing. Early and consistent treatment is essential to minimise these effects and preserve quality of life.

Early Symptoms of MS in Children

Early warning signs can vary, and because children may struggle to describe what they’re experiencing, it’s vital for parents to pay attention to subtle or recurring symptoms. These may include:

• Blurred or double vision.
• Extreme fatigue, even after rest.
• Numbness or tingling in the limbs.
• Muscle weakness or clumsiness.
• Trouble with balance or coordination.
• Mood changes, such as irritability or depression.
• Cognitive difficulties, like trouble focusing, memory lapses, or slow processing.
• Dizziness, nausea, or headaches.
• Speech issues or slurred words.

These symptoms may come and go or worsen over time. If you notice a pattern or if your child’s behaviour changes suddenly, don’t ignore it.

When to Seek Medical Advice

Some parents might think that kids who are clumsy or have mood changes are just going through a phase. But seeing a doctor is a good idea if these issues continue or cause daily problems. A doctor can start by checking things out and may send your child to a nerve specialist for more tests if necessary. Sometimes, multiple sclerosis in kids is mistaken for other problems such as headaches, seizures, or behaviour issues like ADHD, mostly because the symptoms can be similar. So, if there’s a chance your child has MS, it’s important to get a complete nerve exam.

How MS Is Diagnosed

Diagnosis typically involves a combination of:

• MRI scans of the brain and spinal cord to check for lesions.
• Lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to test spinal fluid.
• Blood tests to rule out other conditions.

Most families may delay receiving a diagnosis because these tests require specialist access. Access to paediatric neurologists and diagnostic imaging can be limited, especially in rural areas. That’s where Affinity Health can help by providing GP consultations, telehealth support, and referral pathways.

Treatment and Support

There’s no cure for MS, but getting treatment earlier can help manage symptoms, prevent flare-ups, and slow the illness down. Treatment may include:

• Medicines to reduce relapses (called disease-modifying therapies).
• Steroids to calm inflammation during flare-ups.
• Physiotherapy and occupational therapy to help with movement and daily tasks.
• Counselling and emotional support to cope with the mental and emotional side of living with MS.

Conclusion

MS in kids is rare—but it’s real. The sooner it’s diagnosed, the better the chance for a healthy and whole life. Parents are encouraged to trust their instincts, recognise early signs, and seek medical support when something feels off. This World MS Day, let’s make invisible symptoms visible—and give children with MS the care and support they deserve.

About Affinity Health

Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health cover provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.