Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, highlights the importance of understanding self-harm during Mental Health Awareness Week (12–18 May).

Often misunderstood and hidden in silence, self-injury can affect people of all ages and backgrounds. It’s not always visible, so recognising the signs and having honest, compassionate conversations is essential. Breaking the stigma and offering support can make a meaningful, even lifesaving difference.

What Is Self-Harm?

Self-harm, also called non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), is when someone purposely hurts themselves to cope with emotional pain, stress, anger, or feeling numb. It’s a way to deal with complicated feelings—not always a sign that someone wants to die. For many, it’s a way to feel something, express what they can’t say, or an attempt to regain control.

Hurting oneself by cutting is well-known, but people self-harm in many other ways, too. These include pulling hair, biting, scratching, burning, hitting, skin picking, or doing dangerous things like drug use or unsafe sex. Self-harm can be secret, making it hard for others to see.

The Mental Health Connection

Self-harming behaviours are frequently linked to underlying mental health conditions, including depression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), borderline personality disorder, and eating disorders. Individuals who have experienced bullying, abuse, neglect, or trauma are at higher risk. Important to note is that self-harm is not a sign of weakness; instead, it’s often a signal that someone is struggling to cope and doesn’t know how to express it.

What to Look For

Recognising the signs of self-injury can be lifesaving, especially for parents, teachers, and friends.

Here are some of the most common physical, emotional, and behavioural warning signs:

• Physical indicators may include unexplained cuts, burns, bruises, or scratches—especially on the arms, legs, or stomach. You may notice someone wearing long sleeves or pants even in hot weather to hide their injuries.
• Emotional and behavioural signs might include sudden withdrawal from social activities, changes in sleeping patterns or mood, secrecy, emotional outbursts, or avoiding discussing feelings. Individuals may isolate themselves more often and avoid situations where their bodies might be exposed.
• Digital behaviour can also offer clues. Some people may follow social media pages or forums that focus on self-harm content, delete their browser history frequently, or use coded language online that hints at emotional distress or physical pain.

It’s Not Just Teens

While self-harm is more commonly associated with teenagers, it’s important to understand that it can affect people of all ages—including adults and even pre-teens. Young adults facing academic, financial, or social pressures may also turn to self-injury to manage internal conflict. Self-harm is not limited by age, gender, race, or background. Anyone who is overwhelmed and lacking healthy coping skills may be at risk.

How to Help Someone Who Is Self-Harming

Your support can make a difference if you suspect someone you care about is self-harming. Start by approaching them with empathy and without judgment. Avoid reacting with anger, guilt, or shock. Instead, calmly express your concern and willingness to listen.

Avoid phrases like “You’re just doing it for attention” or “Just stop doing it”—these can shut down communication. Instead, try saying, “I’ve noticed you haven’t seemed yourself lately, and I’m here if you want to talk”, or “You’re not alone, and there’s help available.” Encourage them to speak to a mental health professional who can help them learn healthier coping mechanisms and address the underlying causes of their distress.

Professional Help & Resources

Talking to a trained mental health professional is one of the most important steps in supporting someone who is self-harming. Treatment may involve therapy such as cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), trauma counselling, and, in some cases, medication. Several confidential support resources are available, including SADAG and Childline for children and teens.

Affinity Health also provides access to telephonic doctor consultations and mental health support as part of its service offerings. Whether you’re seeking help or trying to support someone else, having professional guidance can make the path to healing feel more manageable.

Conclusion

Self-harm is more common than many realise, and it’s more than just cutting. It’s a sign that someone is battling internal pain they don’t know how to express. With greater awareness, early intervention, and accessible support, recovery is possible.

About Affinity Health

Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health cover provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.