As the world prepares to observe World Hepatitis Day on July 28, Affinity Health, a leading provider of high-quality health cover, sheds light on the significant health issue of alcoholic hepatitis. This debilitating condition affects millions of individuals worldwide, causing liver damage and posing severe health risks.

What is Alcoholic Hepatitis?

Alcoholic hepatitis is a severe and sometimes deadly liver condition characterised by inflammation and damage to the liver caused by excessive alcohol consumption over a prolonged period.

It is considered to be part of a spectrum of alcoholic liver disease, which also includes alcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic cirrhosis.

When alcohol is consumed, it is primarily metabolised in the liver. However, excessive and prolonged alcohol consumption can overwhelm the liver’s ability to process it efficiently, leading to inflammation and damage to liver cells.

The exact mechanism of how alcohol causes liver damage is not fully understood. However, several factors are believed to contribute to the development of alcoholic hepatitis. These include the toxic effects of alcohol and its byproducts on liver cells, oxidative stress, impaired immune response, and changes in the gut microbiome.

Alcoholic hepatitis is typically associated with heavy, long-term alcohol abuse, although it can also occur in individuals who consume alcohol in large quantities over a short period.

How Common is Alcoholic Hepatitis?

Alcoholic hepatitis is a global health concern, and its prevalence varies across different regions. In general, countries with high levels of alcohol consumption tend to have higher rates of alcoholic liver diseases, including alcoholic hepatitis.

Regarding South Africa, alcohol abuse is a significant public health issue, and the country faces challenges related to heavy drinking and alcohol-related liver diseases.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), South Africa has one of the highest levels of alcohol consumption in the African region.

Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Symptoms of alcoholic hepatitis can vary in severity and may include:

• Nausea and vomiting: Feeling sick to the stomach and vomiting.
• Swollen liver: The liver may become enlarged and tender to the touch.
• Ascites: Fluid accumulation in the abdomen, causing swelling.
• Hepatic encephalopathy: Cognitive impairment, confusion, and behavioural changes due to the liver’s inability to detoxify substances.

One of the significant challenges in dealing with alcoholic hepatitis is the lack of specific diagnostic tests.

While a history of heavy alcohol consumption is often a key indicator, healthcare professionals utilise various tests, such as blood work, imaging studies, and liver biopsies, to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of liver damage. Early detection plays a critical role in determining the most appropriate course of treatment.

Upon diagnosis, healthcare providers recommend immediate cessation of alcohol consumption. This lifestyle change is crucial to prevent further liver damage and improve the chances of recovery.

Additionally, patients may be prescribed medications to alleviate symptoms, reduce inflammation, and promote liver healing. In severe cases, liver transplantation might be necessary.

About Affinity Health

Affinity Health is South Africa’s leading health cover provider, offering you a range of options at affordable rates, including access to the widest national provider network. We understand the importance of having medical insurance that meets your needs, budget, and lifestyle. Our healthcare products are designed to protect you and your family when it matters the most. We strive to give our clients peace of mind and the highest standard of service. For more information, follow us on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.